Intelligent co-browsing and co-editing

ABSTRACT

A leader of a group can specify how content is to be displayed to a group of users. One of these users can specify different instructions regarding the display of the content. The system can then display the content to the user, using either (or both) of the leader&#39;s instructions and the user&#39;s specific instructions. Using these various independent instructions, the system can automatically change the way the content is displayed to a group of users.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/224,778, titled “COLLABORATION TOOLS”, filedJul. 10, 2009 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/236,005, titled “PRESENCE-ENABLED INBOX”, filed Jul. 10, 2009, whichare hereby incorporated by reference.

This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______,titled “COLLABORATION SWARMING”, filed ______, U.S. patent applicationSer. No. ______, titled “AUTO-GENERATED AND INFERRED GROUP CHATPRESENCE”, filed ______, U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, titled“UNIFIED ADDRESSING, SENDING, AND RECEIVING COLLABORATION SERVICE”,filed ______, U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, titled “UNIFIEDEDITABLE INBOX”, filed , and U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______,titled “PRESENCE-ENABLED INBOX”, filed , all of which are commonlyassigned with this application and are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD

This invention pertains to team review of content, and more particularlyto enabling multiple users to view and/or edit content at the same time.

BACKGROUND

The traditional presentation has long been a useful way for one personto educate a group of others about a topic. By combining a spokendescription with useful diagrams, outlined text, and other visual modesof presenting information, the presenter can, in a relatively shortamount of time, educate his audience about the topic. In addition,presentations are useful whether the audience is just one person or anauditorium full.

Historically, the usefulness of presentations was limited by the needfor each audience member to be able to hear the presenter and see thevisual materials. But with the advent of computerized presentations, theusefulness of presentations has increased. Presentations can be madeover the Internet, with each audience member sitting in front of aseparate computer screen. Each audience member can adjust the size ofthe visual materials and the volume of the speaker's voice to suit hisown tastes. In addition, electronic presentations require no materialsto be produced, as everything is edited in an electronic form, whichreduces the cost to prepare presentations.

But one thing has not changed since the days of projectors. Regardlessof whether the presentation uses a projector or a computer, thepresenter has complete control over the presentation. Audience memberscan, of course, ask questions of the presenter, which can have a minimalimpact on the course of the presentation. But generally, the presenterhas a script, and everyone follows that script without variance.

A need remains for a way to address these and other problems associatedwith the prior art.

SUMMARY

A machine hosts a content. One user instructs the machine in thepresentation of that content to himself and other users. Another usercan switch away from the presentation of the content as directed by thefirst user, and can instruct the machine to present the content tohimself in a different way.

The foregoing and other features, objects, and advantages of theinvention will become more readily apparent from the following detaileddescription, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows content being displayed using instructions from a firstuser to a group, where a second user can specify different instructionsregarding the displaying of the content, according to an embodiment ofthe invention.

FIG. 2 shows a system to enable multiple users to control display of thecontent of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 shows two windows, each displaying the content of FIG. 1according to different instructions.

FIG. 4 shows a follower of the content presentation of FIG. 1disassociating from the display of the content, issuing his owninstructions, and re-associating with the display of the content.

FIG. 5 shows a window displaying the content of FIG. 1 along with anindication of the portions of the content being viewed by all users.

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a procedure for managing individual displayof the content of FIG, 1, according to an embodiment of the invention,

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows content being presented using instructions from a firstuser to a group, where a second user can specify different instructionsregarding the presentation of the content, according to an embodiment ofthe invention. In FIG. 1, Joe 105 is issuing instructions 110 regardingthe display of content 115 to various other users, such as Mary 120,John 125, Beverly 130, Thomas 135, and Anna 140. Joe's instructions aretransmitted to the other users as instructions 145, 150, 155, 160, and165.

As an example of how an embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 1can be used, Joe 105 can be leading a team through the review of adocument, such as a piece of code. Instructions 110 can then include aninstruction to display a particular section of the code to the rest ofthe team, and then a discussion about the section of code can be heldamong the team. This might result, for example, in the team deciding ona more efficient way to implement the section of code, or to add a newfeature to the program by enhancing the section of code.

But while users 120, 125, 130, 135, 140 can simply follow the display ofcontent 115 as instructed by Joe 105, the other members of the team canalso take control of the display of the content to themselves. Forexample, Thomas 135 can issue his own instructions 160 regarding thedisplay of the content for himself. Instructions 160 are separate frominstructions 110, and can apply just to the display of content 115 toThomas 135 (that is, the other members of the team do not see thedisplay of content 115 as directed by instructions 160). Thus, while therest of the team is following the lead of Joe 105 and viewing onesection of content 115, Thomas 135 can be viewing another section ofcontent 115 independently.

While the above example demonstrates how multiple members of a team cansimultaneously browse content 115, embodiments of the invention alsoallow the members of the team to simultaneously edit content 115 aswell. For example, Joe's instructions 110 can include edits to thesection of the code being discussed by the team, while at the same time,Thomas's instructions 160 can include editing another portion of content115. In fact, it is possible for both Joe 105 and Thomas 135 tosimultaneously edit the same section of content 115. A person ofordinary skill in the art will recognize that if Joe 105 is leading theteam through that section of code, then the edits being made by Thomas135 as part of instructions 160 will also be immediately apparent to therest of the team.

Although the description of FIG. 1 focuses on the display of thecontent, a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that theterm “display” and its variants are not intended to limit the scope ofembodiments of the invention. For example, the term “presentation” couldbe substituted for the term “display” without any confusion, and theterm “display” is intended to be synonymous with the term“presentation”. Accordingly, the term “display” is not limited to only avisual presentation of the content.

In addition, as discussed above, the term “display” is intended toencompass both viewing and editing of the content. Thus, embodiments ofthe invention include the possibility that there can be multiple usersall editing the content simultaneously.

FIG. 1 suggests that original content 115 can be a document. But aperson of ordinary skill in the art will understand that any type ofcontent can be the subject of group interest. Aside from documents,other types of content that can be the focus of multiple users caninclude messages (such as e-mail), instant messages accessible to themembers of the group, images, audio and/or video files, and so on.

While the above discussion focuses on a predefined group of personsinterested in a particular content, a person of ordinary skill in theart will recognize that the group does not need to be predefined. Thatis, members can join and depart the group as their interest dictates. Inaddition, it is possible for members of the group to be given differentlevels of involvement. For example, aside from the leader of the group(such as Joe 105, whose instructions 110 are generally controlling thedisplay of the content), users can elect to be participants in thegroup, or just audience members. Audience members can simply follow thediscussion without becoming involved; participants have a higher levelof involvement, potentially contributing to the discussion. Audiencemembers can either “self-promote” to participants, or can request theleader of the group to promote them to participants.

Although FIG. 1 shows a group of users involved in a discussion, FIG. 1does not show what each individual member knows. Embodiments of theinvention can include a list of all groups to which the particularindividual belongs (as individuals can be members of multiple groups),and can inform the user of the other members of each of those groups.Embodiments of the invention can also include the various roles of themembers (for example, leader, participant, or audience, among otherpossibilities). These lists can be sorted in any manner desired. Somepossible sorting options include: by the member's role, by the member'sname, and by the member's last activity time; a person of ordinary skillin the art will recognize other sorting possibilities.

Embodiments of the invention also enable particular users to controlwhether the users are permitted to display other portions of thecontent, or to edit the content. For example, Joe 105, as the leader ofthe group, can grant or deny the members of the group permission todisplay portions of the content other than what Joe 105 is displaying.Joe 105, as leader of the group, can also grant or deny the members ofthe group the ability to edit the content.

It is worth noting that co-browsing and co-editing are separate fromeach other: one does not imply the other. For example, if Joe 105 deniesboth co-browsing and co-editing, then all the members of the group mustfollow Joe's display of the content. If Joe 105 permits co-browsing butdenies co-editing, then other members of the group can display otherportions of the content, but cannot edit any of the content. If Joe 105permits co-editing but denies co-browsing, then the members of group canedit the portion of the content Joe 105 is displaying, but cannotdisplay another portion of the content. Finally, if Joe 105 permits bothco-browsing and co-editing, then the members of the group can bothdisplay and edit other portions of the content. In addition, inembodiments of the invention, these controls over co-browsing andco-editing can be toggled during the display of the content. That is, atdifferent times Joe 105 can permit and/or deny co-browsing andco-editing. Finally, although the above discussion focuses on Joe 105,as leader of the group, having the ability to grant or deny co-browsingand co-editing permission, a person of ordinary skill in the art willrecognize that this ability can lie with any member(s) of the group, andnot necessarily with the leader of the group.

FIG. 2 shows a system to enable multiple users to control presentationof the content of FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, machine 205 is shown. Machine 205can be any machine capable of supporting co-browsing and co-editing.Examples of forms machine 205 can take include servers, personalcomputers operated by one of the users (either the user leading thedisplay of the content or another user), and mainframes, among otherpossibilities. A person of ordinary skill in the art will also recognizethat machine 205 can also take other forms, such as a personal digitalassistant (PDA) or cellular telephone.

Machine 205 can be connected to network 210, which allows othermachines, such as computer systems 215, 220, and 225 to interact withmachine 205. Computer systems 215, 220, and 225 can be computersoperated by other members of the team. Exemplary computer 215 caninclude computer 230, monitor 235, keyboard 240, and mouse 245. A personskilled in the art will recognize that other components not shown inFIG. 2 can be included with computer systems 215, 250, and 225: forexample, other input/output devices, such as a printer. In addition,FIG. 2 does not show some of the conventional internal components ofcomputer systems 215, 250, and 225; for example, a central processingunit, memory, storage, etc. Finally, although FIG. 2 shows computersystems 215, 250, and 225 as a conventional desktop computer, a personskilled in the art will recognize that computer systems 215, 250, and225 can be also any type of machine or computing device capable ofproviding the services attributed herein to computer systems 215, 250,and 225, including, for example, a laptop computer, PDA, or a mobiletelephone (such as a cellular telephone).

Network 210, which is shown as connecting machine 205 with computersystems 215, 220, and 225, can be any type of network. For example,network 210 can include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network(WAN), and the Internet, among other possibilities. A person of ordinaryskill in the art will recognize that network 210 can also includecombinations of different network types, and can include varieties ofboth wireless and wireline networks. In addition, while FIG. 2 showsthree computer systems 215, 220, and 225 connected to network 210 (inaddition to machine 205), a person of ordinary skill in the art willrecognize that there can be any number of machines connected to network210.

To support co-browsing and co-editing of content, machine 205 includesinput 250 and display mechanism 255. Input 250 can receive instructionsfrom one or more users interested in a particular content. Displaymechanism 255 then issues directions regarding the display of thecontent according to the instructions received via input 250. Displaymechanism can issue directions to all members of the team (such as whenthe leader of the presentation issues instructions regarding theparticular piece of content to display to the team), or to just oneparticular user (such as when one user wants to break away from the teamand examine a different section of the content on his own).

FIG. 3 shows two windows, each displaying the content of FIG. 1according to different instructions. In FIG. 3, according to oneembodiment of the invention, window 305 can be a window showing thedisplay of the content according to the directions of the team leader,and window 310 can be a window showing the display of the contentaccording to the directions of the individual user (separate from thatof the leader). Thus, while window 305 shows one portion of the content,window 310 shows a different portion of the content. The leader controlsthe display of the content in window 305, whereas the user controls thedisplay of the content in window 310. This embodiment of the inventionpermits the user to continue to follow the leader of the presentation,while also displaying a different window for the user's specific displayof the content.

In another embodiment of the invention, the user can have just onewindow. In this window, the user can follow the leader's presentation ofthe content. Then, when the user wants to display a different portion ofthe content from what the leader is displaying, the user can change thedisplay in the window to his selected portion of the content. When theuser is finished reviewing his selected portion of the content, the usercan rejoin the leader's presentation.

In this alternative embodiment of the invention, to change the displayof the content in the window, the user can disassociate from theleader's presentation. Then, when the user is ready to rejoin the group,he can re-associate with the leader's display of the content. FIG. 4demonstrates this situation.

In FIG. 4, Thomas 135 is shown issuing disassociation request 405 tomachine 205. Upon receiving disassociation request 405, machine 205knows not to send to Thomas 135 the display as instructed by the leaderof the group. Instead, as Thomas 135 sends instructions 160, machine 205displays the content according to instructions 160. When Thomas 135 isready to rejoin the group, Thomas 135 can send re-association request410 to machine 205, after which machine 205 will again display thecontent to Thomas 135 as instructed by the leader of the group.

In all of the above discussion, the focus has been on one userdisplaying the content differently from how the leader is presenting thecontent. A person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize thatembodiments of the invention are not limited to only two usersdisplaying different portions of the content. Any number of users candisplay the content, each according to different instructions (and evenwith those display instructions in parallel with the leader's displayinstructions).

In addition, there is nothing special about the identity of the userissuing the instructions for display of the content to the group. Forexample, in FIG. 4, after Thomas 135 disassociates from the group andbegins displaying the content in his preferred way, other users(including other members of the group) can follow Thomas 135. Otherusers can follow Thomas 135 either by requesting Thomas 135 to let themfollow him, or by Thomas inviting them to follow him. In effect, whenother members begin to follow Thomas 135, Thomas 135 becomes the leaderof a new group. Since a particular user might be a member of both theoriginal group and Thomas's “group”, this means that there can be anynumber of windows open, all displaying the same content in differentways: one for each group the user belongs to, and one for the user'spersonal display of the content (independent of the groups).

In another embodiment of the invention, the system tracks which usersare looking at what portions of the content. The system can also trackwho each user is following. For example, referring back to FIG. 1, ifMary 120 is following both Joe 105 (as the leader of the group) andThomas 135 (who is reviewing a different portion of the content), thesystem can track Mary's foci. The system can then use the informationabout what portion of the content each user is watching. If enoughmembers of the team are looking at a portion of the content that isdifferent from what the leader is instructing be displayed, the systemcan automatically shift the focus of the group to the other portion ofthe content.

Any desired policies can be used to control when focus can be shiftedaway from that requested by the leader of the group. Some of the moreobvious choices are when the majority (or some other thresholdpercentage) of the group is looking at some other portion of thecontent. But a person skilled in the art will recognize other possiblepolicies that can be used. For example, if one of the followers of thecontent discussion is a manager of the project and his focus shifts awayfrom that of the leader, the system can automatically follow themanager's focus, even though he is not leading the discussion.

FIG. 5 shows a window displaying the content of FIG. 1 along with anindication of the portions of the content being viewed by all users. InFIG. 6, window 305 (from FIG. 3) is shown. But instead of showing window310 as well, monitor 235 is shown as displaying reduced content 505.Reduced content 505 is a miniature representation of the content.

Pointing into reduced content 505 are arrows 510 and 515. Arrows 510 and515 identify what portions of the content each of the various members ofthe group are viewing. While FIG. 5 shows just arrows into reducedcontent 505, a person skilled in the art will recognize that there areother ways to identify the portions of the content being viewed by theother members of the group. For example, reduced content 505 can includemarks surrounding the particular portion of reduced content 505 beingviewed by each user. Or, different colors can be used to representportions of reduced content 505 being viewed by different users.

Reduced content 505 can be simply a representation of the overallcontent, without being itself readable. But reduced content 505 can alsobe a reduced version of the overall content, so that by enlargingreduced content 505 one can read the content, and reduced content 505can be enlarged by resizing reduced content 505. (Of course, if theoverall content is sufficiently long, the reduction in the size of thecontent will make it generally illegible unless enlarged to asignificant extent.)

In FIG. 5, Joe can see that most of the users are viewing a differentportion of the content. If Joe is leading the group, Joe can use reducedcontent 505 to realize that he needs to change his focus. Alternatively,if, as discussed above with reference to FIG. 4, the system canautomatically change the focus of the content presentation based on theindividual foci of the group members, the system can automaticallychange the focus to the portion of the content being viewed by Thomas,Anna, Beverly, Mary, and John. In addition, as described in related toU.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, titled “COLLABORATIONSWARMING”, filed ______, which is incorporated by reference herein, themembers of the group can be viewed as a “swarm” around the content. Thegeneral focus of the swarm on the portion of the content identified byarrows 515 can be viewed as the direction of the swarm, which cantrigger the change of focus in the presentation.

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a procedure for managing individualpresentation of the content of FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of theinvention. In FIG. 6, at block 605, the system receives instructionsfrom a first user, such as the group leader, about the display of thecontent. At block 610, the system displays the content to the interestedusers, as per the leader's instructions. At block 615, the systemreceives a request from a second user to disassociate from the group. Asshown by dashed arrow 620, block 615 can be omitted.

At block 625, the system receives from the second user instructionsregarding the display of the content. These instructions can, asdiscussed above with reference to FIG. 1, differ from those of the firstuser. At block 630, the system displays the content to the second user,according to his instructions. As discussed above with reference toFIGS. 3-4, this display can be in parallel with the display of theleader's instructions, or this display can replace the display of thecontent according to the leader's instructions.

At block 635, the system can display the content to other users. Incontrast with block 610, where the display to the users was the displayselected by the first user, in block 635 the display of the content isthe display selected by the second user. As shown by dashed arrow 640,block 635 can be omitted. Finally, at block 645, the system can receivea request from the second user to re-associate with the group. As shownby dashed arrow 650, block 645 can be omitted.

The following discussion is intended to provide a brief, generaldescription of a suitable machine in which embodiments of the disclosedtechnology can be implemented. As used herein, the term “machine” isintended to broadly encompass a single machine or a system ofcommunicatively coupled machines or devices operating together.Exemplary machines can include computing devices such as personalcomputers, workstations, servers, portable computers, handheld devices,tablet devices, and the like.

Typically, a machine includes a system bus to which processors, memory(e.g., random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and otherstate-preserving medium), storage devices, a video interface, andinput/output interface ports can be attached. The machine can alsoinclude embedded controllers such as programmable or non-programmablelogic devices or arrays, Application Specific Integrated Circuits,embedded computers, smart cards, and the like. The machine can becontrolled, at least in part, by input from conventional input devices(e.g., keyboards and mice), as well as by directives received fromanother machine, interaction with a virtual reality (VR) environment,biometric feedback, or other input signal.

The machine can utilize one or more connections to one or more remotemachines, such as through a network interface, modem, or othercommunicative coupling. Machines can be interconnected by way of aphysical and/or logical network, such as an intranet, the Internet,local area networks, wide area networks, etc. One having ordinary skillin the art will appreciate that network communication can utilizevarious wired and/or wireless short range or long range carriers andprotocols, including radio frequency (RF), satellite, microwave,Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 545.11,Bluetooth, optical, infrared, cable, laser, etc.

Embodiments of the disclosed technology can be described by reference toor in conjunction with associated data including functions, procedures,data structures, application programs, instructions, etc. that, whenaccessed by a machine, can result in the machine performing tasks ordefining abstract data types or low-level hardware contexts. Associateddata can be stored in, for example, volatile and/or non-volatile memory(e.g., RAM and ROM) or in other storage devices and their associatedstorage media, which can include hard-drives, floppy-disks, opticalstorage, tapes, flash memory, memory sticks, digital video disks,biological storage, and other tangible, physical storage media.

Associated data can be delivered over transmission environments,including the physical and/or logical network, in the form of packets,serial data, parallel data, propagated signals, etc., and can be used ina compressed or encrypted format. Associated data can be used in adistributed environment, and stored locally and/or remotely for machineaccess.

Having described and illustrated the principles of the invention withreference to illustrated embodiments, it will be recognized that theillustrated embodiments may be modified in arrangement and detailwithout departing from such principles, and may be combined in anydesired manner. And although the foregoing discussion has focused onparticular embodiments, other configurations are contemplated. Inparticular, even though expressions such as “according to an embodimentof the invention” or the like are used herein, these phrases are meantto generally reference embodiment possibilities, and are not intended tolimit the invention to particular embodiment configurations. As usedherein, these terms may reference the same or different embodiments thatare combinable into other embodiments.

Consequently, in view of the wide variety of permutations to theembodiments described herein, this detailed description and accompanyingmaterial is intended to be illustrative only, and should not be taken aslimiting the scope of the invention. What is claimed as the invention,therefore, is all such modifications as may come within the scope andspirit of the following claims and equivalents thereto.

1. An apparatus, comprising: a machine; an input to the machine toreceive first instructions from a first user regarding a first displayof a content to at least one other user and to receive secondinstructions from a second user regarding a second display of saidcontent, said second user being one of said at least one other user,said second instructions differing from said first instructions; and adisplay mechanism to display said content according to said firstinstructions and according to said second instructions.
 2. An apparatusaccording to claim 1, wherein said second instructions include edits tosaid content.
 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the displaymechanism is operative to display said content according to said firstinstructions in a first window and to display said content according tosaid second instructions in a second window.
 4. An apparatus accordingto claim 1, wherein the display mechanism is operative to display saidcontent according to said second instructions, overriding said firstinstructions.
 5. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the input isoperative to receive a request from said second user to disassociatefrom the display of said content according to said first instructions.6. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the input is furtheroperative to receive a request from second user to re-associate thedisplay of said content according to said first instructions.
 7. Anapparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the input is operative toreceive said second instructions from a plurality of second usersregarding the display of said content, said plurality of second usersbeing a subset of said at least one other user; and the displaymechanism is operative to display said content to said at least oneother user according to said second instructions.
 8. A method,comprising: receiving first instructions from a first user regarding afirst display of a content to at least one other user; displaying thecontent to the at least one other user on at least a first displayaccording to the first instructions; receiving second instructions froma second user regarding a second display of the content, wherein thesecond user is one of the at least one other user and the secondinstructions are different from the first instructions; and displayingthe content to the second user on one of the at least a first displayaccording to the second instructions.
 9. A method according to claim 8,wherein: receiving second instructions from a second user includesreceiving second instructions to edit the content from the second user;and displaying the content to the second user includes displaying theedit of the content.
 10. A method according to claim 8, whereinreceiving second instructions from a second user includes receiving arequest from the second user to disassociate a display of the contentaccording to the first instructions.
 11. A method according to claim 10,further comprising receiving a request from the second user tore-associate with the display of the content according to the firstinstructions.
 12. A method according to claim 8, wherein: displaying thecontent to the at least one other user according to the firstinstructions includes displaying the content to the at least one otheruser according to the first instructions in a first window; anddisplaying the content to the second user according to the secondinstructions includes displaying the content to the second useraccording to the second instructions in a second window.
 13. A methodaccording to claim 12, wherein displaying the content to the second useraccording to the second instructions in a second window includesdisplaying the content to the second user according to the secondinstructions in a second window without affecting the display of thecontent to the at least one other user according to the firstinstructions in the first window.
 14. A method according to claim 8,wherein: receiving second instructions from a second user includesreceiving second instructions from a plurality of second users regardingthe display of the content, wherein the plurality of second users is asubset of the at least one other user; and displaying the content to thesecond user according to the second instructions includes displaying thecontent to the at least one other user according to the secondinstructions.
 15. An article, comprising a storage medium, said storagemedium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed by amachine, result in: receiving first instructions from a first userregarding a first display of a content to at least one other user;displaying the content to the at least one other user according to thefirst instructions; receiving second instructions from a second userregarding a second display of the content, wherein the second user isone of the at least one other user and the second instructions aredifferent from the first instructions; and displaying the content to thesecond user according to the second instructions.
 16. An articleaccording to claim 15, wherein: receiving second instructions from asecond user includes receiving second instructions to edit the contentfrom the second user; and displaying the content to the second userincludes displaying the edit of the content.
 17. An article according toclaim 15, wherein receiving second instructions from a second userincludes receiving a request from the second user to disassociate adisplay of the content according to the first instructions.
 18. Anarticle according to claim 17, said storage medium having stored thereonfurther instructions that, when executed by a machine, result inreceiving a request from the second user to re-associate with thedisplay of the content according to the first instructions.
 19. Anarticle according to claim 15, wherein: displaying the content to the atleast one other user according to the first instructions includesdisplaying the content to the at least one other user according to thefirst instructions in a first window; and displaying the content to thesecond user according to the second instructions includes displaying thecontent to the second user according to the second instructions in asecond window.
 20. An article according to claim 19, wherein displayingthe content to the second user according to the second instructions in asecond window includes displaying the content to the second useraccording to the second instructions in a second window withoutaffecting the display of the content to the at least one other useraccording to the first instructions in the first window.